JH-X360 90° Elbow ID Hardfacing & Cladding Machine
Six-Axis Automatic Internal Overlay Welding for Pipe Elbows
The JH-X360 90° Elbow ID Hardfacing Machine is a high-performance automated welding system developed for internal overlay welding of 90-degree pipe elbows and bends.
Unlike conventional straight-pipe hardfacing equipment, the JH-X360 uses six-axis coordinated motion control to continuously follow the changing geometry of an elbow.
After the workpiece is clamped, the machine can automatically complete internal overlay welding with continuous arc operation and minimal operator intervention.
System Capabilities
The system supports:
Designed Specifically for Elbow Internal Welding
Internal welding of a 90-degree elbow is considerably more complex than hardfacing a straight pipe.
As the welding torch moves through the elbow, the system must continuously compensate for changes in:
- Torch position
- Pipe curvature
- Welding angle
- Distance from the internal surface
- Welding trajectory
- Weld bead overlap
The JH-X360 uses coordinated multi-axis motion to maintain the required torch path through the elbow.
This allows the complete internal surface to be processed with greater consistency than conventional manual welding.
90° elbow internal welding — the torch path follows the changing geometry of the bend.
One Setup for 90° Elbow Hardfacing
One of the key advantages of the JH-X360 is its ability to complete the internal overlay process with the elbow held in a single setup.
This reduces repeated:
- Workpiece repositioning
- Torch adjustment
- Manual alignment
- Welding interruptions
The automated motion system follows the elbow geometry and maintains continuous welding according to the programmed path.
This is particularly valuable for batch production of wear-resistant elbows.
Six-Axis Coordinated Control
The JH-X360 uses a six-axis coordinated control system to manage the complex movement required inside curved pipe sections.
The coordinated axes control the relative movement between the welding torch and elbow surface.
This allows the system to perform continuous internal overlay welding while maintaining appropriate:
- Torch orientation
- Welding position
- Surface distance
- Bead overlap
The result is more consistent weld formation along the curved internal surface.
Automatic Weld Program Generation
The JH-X360 simplifies programming for different elbow specifications. The operator enters three primary parameters through the touchscreen:
Elbow ID entered on the touchscreen
Bend radius of the elbow
Required bead overlap
The control system then automatically calculates and generates the corresponding internal overlay welding program.
This reduces the need to manually program complex six-axis trajectories for every elbow specification.
Multiple Welding Patterns
The machine supports different welding strategies for elbow ID overlay.
Continuous Circumferential Welding
The system performs continuous circumferential weld passes along the changing geometry of the elbow.
Sector-Pattern Welding
Sector-based welding can be applied according to the required overlay structure and process.
Both modes are designed to maintain smooth transitions between adjacent welding areas.
Continuous Arc Welding
The JH-X360 is designed to perform the elbow overlay process with continuous arc operation where the welding procedure permits.
Reducing unnecessary arc starts and stops can help improve:
- Weld continuity
- Bead appearance
- Overlap consistency
- Production efficiency
The system is particularly designed to maintain a smooth overlay transition through the curved section of the elbow.
Smooth Transition for Straight-Pipe Connection
The welding process is designed to produce relatively uniform overlay thickness and penetration around the elbow.
Consistent internal overlay at the elbow ends is important because the finished elbow may subsequently be welded to straight pipe sections.
A controlled transition helps simplify fabrication of complete wear-resistant piping systems.
Straight-Pipe Welding Capability
In addition to 90-degree elbows, the JH-X360 can also support straight-pipe welding applications.
For customers manufacturing complete wear-resistant piping systems, this provides greater production flexibility from one automated platform.
For dedicated long straight-pipe internal hardfacing, JINHUA’s JH-380 Pipe ID Hardfacing Machine may also be considered.
Typical Applications
The JH-X360 can be used for internally hardfaced elbows operating in abrasive material conveying systems.
Typical industries include:
Cement / Mining / Steel / Power generation / Coal handling / Bulk material conveying / Mineral processing / Heavy industrial piping
Typical applications include:
- Wear-resistant elbows
- Powder conveying elbows
- Ash conveying bends
- Mineral transport elbows
- Abrasive material pipelines
Technical Specifications
Standard configuration data for the JH-X360 automatic elbow ID hardfacing machine.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Model | JH-X360 |
| Machine Type | Automatic Elbow ID Hardfacing Machine |
| Elbow Angle | 0–90° |
| Welding Range | Approx. DN80–DN1200* |
| Bend Radius | Customized according to elbow geometry* |
| Maximum Workpiece Load | 300 kg |
| Single-Layer Overlay Thickness | 1.5–3 mm |
| Welding Wire Diameter | Ø1.6–2.8 mm |
| Motion Control | Six-Axis Coordinated Control |
| Welding Modes | Circumferential / Sector Pattern |
| Program Generation | Automatic |
| Straight-Pipe Welding | Supported |
| Operation | Automatic + Touchscreen Setup |
*Final elbow diameter and bend-radius range should be confirmed according to the actual workpiece drawing.
JH-X360 vs. JH-380
JINHUA provides different solutions for straight pipes and curved elbows.
| Feature | JH-X360 | JH-380 |
|---|---|---|
| Main Application | 90° elbows / bends | Straight pipes |
| Core Technology | Six-axis coordinated motion | Pipe rotation + axial travel |
| Welding Geometry | Curved internal surface | Straight internal bore |
| Automatic Path Generation | Yes | Process parameter control |
| Max. Typical Diameter | Up to DN1200* | Up to Ø1000 mm* |
| Welding Mode | Circumferential / Sector | Spiral / Oscillation / Straight |
| Main Advantage | Complex elbow ID welding | Long straight-pipe hardfacing |
Choose JH-X360 if:
You need to manufacture or repair internally hardfaced elbows and bends.
Choose JH-380 if:
You mainly need long straight-pipe internal hardfacing.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about elbow ID hardfacing, programming and the JH-X360 working range.
It is automated welding equipment designed to deposit an overlay layer onto the internal surface of curved pipe elbows.
Because the workpiece geometry continuously changes through the bend, the machine requires coordinated multi-axis motion.
Yes. The machine is designed to complete internal overlay welding of a 90-degree elbow after one workpiece setup, subject to the specified elbow dimensions and welding procedure.
The operator enters the internal diameter, bend radius and required weld overlap.
The control system then automatically generates the corresponding welding trajectory.
The current technical specification indicates approximately DN80–DN1200.
Final compatibility should be confirmed from the customer’s elbow drawing.
The specified single-layer overlay thickness is approximately 1.5–3 mm.
Additional layers can be evaluated according to the required wear resistance and welding process.
Yes. Straight-pipe welding is supported, although JINHUA also offers dedicated straight-pipe ID hardfacing equipment for long pipe applications.
Send Us Your Elbow Specifications
For a technical proposal, please provide:
- 01 Elbow inside diameter
- 02 Elbow outside diameter
- 03 Wall thickness
- 04 Bend angle
- 05 Bend radius / CLR
- 06 Elbow drawing
- 07 Base material
- 08 Required overlay thickness
- 09 Required hardness
- 10 Welding wire specification
- 11 Workpiece weight
- 12 Required production capacity
- 13 Destination country
JINHUA engineers will evaluate the geometry and recommend the appropriate welding configuration.
Request a Technical Proposal
Complete the form and JINHUA engineers will evaluate the geometry and recommend the appropriate welding configuration.